Authentication asks who a person or system is. Authorization asks what they may do. A product can have a correct sign-in flow and still expose data if its access rules are incomplete.
Map the actions before the roles
List important actions such as viewing a record, changing a status, exporting data or inviting a teammate. Then decide who can perform each action and under what conditions. Real workflows often need more nuance than a single admin-or-user switch.
Enforce access where data is served
Hiding a button is helpful for usability but does not protect the underlying operation. The server must check permissions for every sensitive request and verify that the requested record belongs to the appropriate account or organization.
- Review access to individual records, not just whole routes.
- Apply the same rules to exports and background jobs.
- Test denied actions as deliberately as allowed ones.
Plan the account lifecycle
Invitations, lost access, role changes and departures all affect security and support. Decide how sessions end, how access is removed and who can recover an account. Keep an audit trail for sensitive administrative actions when the workflow requires it.
Use established components
Identity work involves subtle risks. Prefer well-maintained authentication components and a documented security review over inventing password storage or session handling. Revisit permission rules whenever new features or integrations are added.
Practical next step
Design permissions from real actions and enforce them on the server. Signing in is only the beginning of access control.
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